![]() You can think of Flexbox as HTML tables on steroids, without the styling limitations of tables and the ability to use any HTML semantic tag to create a Flexbox container and child elements. With the advent of the HTML Flexbox model, HTML finally gains a rich box formatting engine that addresses complex layouts. It seems that we've been struggling long enough with various hacks to create complex, structured HTML layouts. Even today, for many Web developers, tables are the first and only tool they reach for when a structured layout is required. ![]() Although there have always been solutions and hacks to beat HTML into submission, it has never been an easy road, as each of these technologies has limitations and requires compromises. Technologies to deal with structured layouts have come and gone over the years: Developers have used HTML frames, HTML tables, float based layouts, and, more recently, various CSS tricks and grid systems popularized by a number of CSS frameworks like Bootstrap, Foundation, and Google's Material Design. Trying to create paneled layouts that can stay fixed and/or dynamically resize relative to each other are not trivial to create in HTML. On the other hand, creation of structured layouts that display content in confined areas that sit side-by-side or need to stack in an exact order and location have been much more elusive to achieve with HTML. HTML thrives on flowing content that takes up as much space as is available and reflowing content around embedded floating elements automatically. HTML has always been very good for document style layout that is, creating flowing documents where content stacks on top of the previous content. ![]() Although it's always been possible to make layouts behave using various tricks and specialized workarounds, the process has never been easy. Any developer new to HTML and coming from a desktop-based development environment is very likely to comment immediately on how difficult it is to properly create a structured layout in HTML. Most of us doing Web development have struggled with multi-column layouts at some time. In this article, I'll introduce the basic concepts of Flexbox and a few practical examples that demonstrate how to put Flexbox to use in your own HTML applications. Flexbox can be considered a much more capable successor to HTML tables. CSS hasn't changed much since CSS 3 was released, but the relatively new Flexbox module provides some much needed relief when it comes to creating complex structured layouts in HTML.
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